
What Are Parenting Styles? Part 2 of 2
In the first post about parenting styles, I framed up a series of concepts about the interactions between gifted children and their parents. Then we launched into the authoritarian style
Deborah L. Ruf, Ph.D., is a specialist in intelligence assessment and individualized interpretations and guidance for both gifted children and adults. Her research, writing, and speaking focuses on school and educational issues as well as related social and emotional adjustments for gifted children particularly those at the highest levels of giftedness.

In the first post about parenting styles, I framed up a series of concepts about the interactions between gifted children and their parents. Then we launched into the authoritarian style
Why do we continue to have same-aged classrooms? hashtag#giftededucation For gifted children, being grouped day in and day out with your same-aged peers — your age-mates — can leave you
In 1999 I developed an intake form called “Developmental Milestones.” Parents who came to my new consultancy gave me all the information I thought I might need to figure them
The Grayson School left this insightful comment on “Preschool Behaviors in Highly to Profoundly Gifted Children” on Substack: “This is a fabulous summary of the gifted preschooler at various ages.
Most intellectually gifted adults don’t think of themselves as gifted. Smart enough maybe, but not so special as to be gifted. Most intellectually gifted adults don’t think of themselves as
Why don’t all gifted children get rich or turn into high functioning adults? I knew when I was in 2nd grade that I would be a teacher and then I’d
Gifted Adults in Their 40s and 50s – Environmental, Familial, and Personal Factors I re-edited this post when I discovered I had indeed finished it. It became a full chapter
High intellectual functioning affects children and their development Basic needs do not vary from one individual to another; the ways to meet those needs, however, varies from one person to another. All
… and how do the realities of the zeitgeist — the conditions around her at the time — impact the answer? First of all, this is part of my story
… in which I answer questions about gifted issues Over the years I have taken on many different roles to stay connected with gifted children and their families. One such